What is tire graining and how can it be mitigated during practice sessions?

• A. Tire graining is complete tire wear due to long runs; mitigated by increasing pressure.
• B. Tire graining is formation of small rubber grains on the tread surface due to sliding or overheating; mitigated by reducing sliding, smoothing throttle and steering, and maintaining appropriate pressures and temperature.
• C. Tire graining is the pattern on tires designed for wet grip.
• D. Tire graining is caused by cold tires; mitigated by rapid heating.

Answer: (B)

Tire graining is the formation of small rubber grains on the tread surface that happens when the tire slides on the track or overheats. This creates a rough, uneven surface on the tread and can reduce grip, especially when the grains are picked up and re-worn during corners and during throttle changes.

To keep graining in check during practice, focus on limiting sliding and controlling heat. Use smoother throttle inputs and gentler steering to avoid tearing or sliding the tread. Keep tire pressures in the recommended range for the track and weather, and manage temperature by warming tires gradually and avoiding excessive heat buildup. Proper pressure and controlled temperatures help maintain a more even contact patch and reduce the conditions that cause graining.

Other options aren’t accurate: complete wear from long runs is a different issue, the patterns on tires aren’t about graining, and graining isn’t primarily caused by cold tires—it's tied to sliding and overheating.